\ufd3e180\ufd3f En g\u00fczel isimler Allah\u2019\u0131nd\u0131r; bu g\u00fczel isimlerle O\u2019na dua edin, O\u2019nun isimleri hakk\u0131nda do\u011fru inan\u00e7tan sapanlar\u0131 kendi ba\u015flar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131n. Onlar yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n cezas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekecekler!<\/p>\n
„\u201cEn g\u00fczel isimler\u201d diye \u00e7evirdi\u011fimiz esm\u00e2-i h\u00fcsn\u00e2 (el-esm\u00e2\u00fc\u2019l-h\u00fcsn\u00e2), \u201cAllah Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n hepsi de en g\u00fczel ve en m\u00fckemmel olan niteliklerine, \u00f6zelliklerine del\u00e2let eden isimleri\u201d anlam\u0131na gelir. Buna g\u00f6re Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden kelimeler de esm\u00e2-i h\u00fcsn\u00e2 i\u00e7ine girmektedir. Bu anlamda sadece Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019de Allah\u2019\u0131n 100\u2019den fazla ismi yer almakta; ayr\u0131ca hadislerde O\u2019na ba\u015fka isimler de nisbet edilmektedir.<\/strong> Esm\u00e2-i h\u00fcsn\u00e2 deyimi geni\u015f anlam\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn bu isimleri ve s\u0131fatlar\u0131 i\u00e7ine almakla birlikte terim olarak daha \u00e7ok \u2013bir hadiste topluca zikredilen\u2013 doksan dokuz ismi kapsad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilir (Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, \u201cTevh\u00eed\u201d, 12; M\u00fcslim, \u201cZikir\u201d, 5).<\/p>\n Bu \u00e2yette ve \u201cel-esm\u00e2\u00fc\u2019l-h\u00fcsn\u00e2\u201d deyiminin ge\u00e7ti\u011fi di\u011fer \u00e2yetlerde (\u0130sr\u00e2 17\/110; T\u00e2h\u00e2 20\/8; Ha\u015fr 59\/24) Allah\u2019\u0131n isimlerinin ve s\u0131fatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczellikle nitelendirilmesinin sebebi konusunda Eb\u00fb Bekir \u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Arab\u00ee \u015fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ileri s\u00fcrmektedir: 1. Bu isimler, Allah hakk\u0131nda y\u00fccelik ve a\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131k ifade eder, kullarda da sayg\u0131 hissi uyand\u0131r\u0131r. 2. Zikir ve dua olarak okundu\u011funda kabule vesile olur, sevap kazand\u0131r\u0131r. 3. Kalplere huzur verir, rahmet \u00fcmidi a\u015f\u0131lar. 4. En y\u00fcce varl\u0131k olan Allah\u2019\u0131n isimlerini, anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 kavrayarak okumak, okuyan\u0131n de\u011ferini de y\u00fcceltir. 5. Bu isimler Allah hakk\u0131nda zorunlu, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ve imk\u00e2ns\u0131z olan inan\u00e7lar\u0131 ve kanaatleri ifade etti\u011fi i\u00e7in bu isimleri bilip okumak do\u011fru inanc\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131na da katk\u0131da bulunur.<\/p>\n Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019de Allah\u2019\u0131n z\u00e2t\u0131na \u2013bazan ardarda s\u0131ralanarak\u2013 bir\u00e7ok isim nisbet edilmi\u015ftir. Ancak bu t\u00fcr kelimeler ve kavramlar, hakk\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendisi de\u011fil, O\u2019nun hat\u0131rlat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve k\u0131smen tan\u0131t\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 durumundad\u0131r. \u0130sl\u00e2m bilginlerinin bir\u00e7o\u011fu \u201c\u0130sim m\u00fcsemm\u00e2n\u0131n gayr\u0131d\u0131r\u201d derken bunu anlatmak istemi\u015flerdir. Bizim kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kelimeler Allah\u2019\u0131n y\u00fcce z\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131yla ifade etmez; esasen insan zihni Allah\u2019\u0131 ku\u015fat\u0131c\u0131 bir taml\u0131kta kavramaktan \u00e2ciz oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in O\u2019nun hakk\u0131nda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 isimlerin ve s\u0131fatlar\u0131n bize anlatt\u0131klar\u0131 da s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Ama b\u00fct\u00fcn bu kelimelerle ifade edilmek istenen de hep O\u2019dur. Ayr\u0131ca Kur\u2019an\u2019da ve hadislerde y\u00fcce Allah \u00f6zellikle bu isimlerle an\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bunlar Allah hakk\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daima a\u015fk\u0131n anlamlar i\u00e7erir; onun i\u00e7in m\u00fcminin bunlar\u0131 telaffuz etmesi zikir, tesbih, dua gibi kelimelerle ifade edilen bir ibadet de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bir\u00e7ok hadis mecmuas\u0131nda yer alan (bk. Wensinck, Mift\u00e2hu k\u00fcn\u00fbzi\u2019s-s\u00fcnne, \u201c\u0130sm\u201d md.) bir hadiste Hz. Peygamber, Allah\u2019\u0131n doksan dokuz isminin bulundu\u011funu, bunlar\u0131 ezberleyip benimseyen (anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenip bu isimlerin telkin etti\u011fi inanc\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcmseyen) kimselerin cennete girece\u011fini m\u00fcjdelemi\u015ftir. Esm\u00e2-i h\u00fcsn\u00e2n\u0131n neler oldu\u011fu ve say\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fler ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca Tirmiz\u00ee ve \u0130bn M\u00e2ce\u2019nin S\u00fcnen\u2019lerinde (Tirmiz\u00ee, \u201cDa\u2018av\u00e2t\u201d, 83; \u0130bn M\u00e2ce, \u201cDu\u00e2\u201d, 10) bu a\u00e7\u0131klamadan sonra doksan dokuz ismin listesi de verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Ancak bu rivayette ge\u00e7en isimlerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019de bulunmamaktad\u0131r, bu sebeple baz\u0131 \u00e2limler an\u0131lan iki kaynaktaki listenin hadisin asl\u0131ndan olmay\u0131p r\u00e2vinin ki\u015fisel tesbiti ve eklemesi oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130bn Hacer el-Askal\u00e2n\u00ee, Kur\u2019an-\u0131 Ker\u00eem\u2019deki isimlerden yeni bir doksan dokuz esm\u00e2-i h\u00fcsn\u00e2 listesi olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n Konumuz olan \u00e2yette kalbini yani akl\u0131n\u0131, di\u011fer duyu ve bilgi vas\u0131talar\u0131n\u0131 verili\u015f amac\u0131na uygun ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kullananlar\u0131n ula\u015faca\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru tanr\u0131 inanc\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zet bir ifadesi yer almaktad\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re \u201cEn g\u00fczel isimler Allah\u2019\u0131nd\u0131r.\u201d \u015eu halde insan, bu isimlerle Allah\u2019a yakar\u0131\u015fta bulunmal\u0131, yaln\u0131z Allah\u2019a verilebilecek olan bu g\u00fczel isimleri O\u2019ndan ba\u015fkas\u0131na vermemeli, yani ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi O\u2019na denk tutmamal\u0131, Allah\u2019tan ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131 tanr\u0131sal bir y\u00fccelikte g\u00f6rmemelidir. Fakat insanlar aras\u0131nda Allah\u2019\u0131n isimleri hakk\u0131nda ink\u00e2ra sapanlar da bulunmaktad\u0131r. Burada \u201cink\u00e2r\u201d kelimesiyle \u00e7evirdi\u011fimiz ilh\u00e2d, \u201chaktan sapmak, itidalden ayr\u0131lmak\u201d anlam\u0131na gelir. Kelimenin bu \u00e2yetteki anlam\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 noktada yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r: a) Bu isimleri ancak Allah hakk\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken anlamlar\u0131yla Allah\u2019tan ba\u015fkas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullanmak. b) Allah\u2019\u0131, baba o\u011ful gibi sadece yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flara \u00f6zg\u00fc isim ve s\u0131fatlarla anmak. c) Allah\u2019\u0131n isimlerini tamamen ink\u00e2r etmek veya b\u00f6yle bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furacak \u015fekilde te\u2019vil ve tahrif etmek (Taber\u00ee, IX, 133-134; R\u00e2z\u00ee, XV, 71-72. Esm\u00e2-i h\u00fcsn\u00e2 hakk\u0131nda geni\u015f bilgi i\u00e7in bk. Topalo\u011flu, \u201cEsm\u00e2-i h\u00fcsn\u00e2\u201d, D\u0130A, XI, 404-418).<\/p>\n \u00c2yette bu \u015fekilde Allah\u2019\u0131n yetkinlik ve a\u015fk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, zat\u0131na mahsus en \u00fcst\u00fcn niteliklerinin ifadeleri olan g\u00fczel isimlerini ger\u00e7ek anlamlar\u0131ndan sapt\u0131ranlar k\u0131nanmakta, onlar\u0131n bu k\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli tutumlar\u0131n\u0131n cezas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6recekleri uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunulmaktad\u0131r. Bu \u00e2yet, ink\u00e2rc\u0131lar\u0131n ve m\u00fc\u015friklerin ul\u00fbhiyyetle ilgili inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bozuklu\u011funu g\u00f6stermesi yan\u0131nda; baz\u0131 insanlar\u0131n riy\u00e2, tabasbus, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 hayranl\u0131k, sayg\u0131, \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flama veya ba\u015fka bir sebeple y\u00f6netici, lider, kahraman, \u015feyh gibi baz\u0131 ki\u015fileri \u00f6verken iltifat\u0131n dozunu ka\u00e7\u0131rarak, \u00f6vd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ki\u015fiyi \u00e2deta tanr\u0131sal bir konumda g\u00f6steren ifadeler kullanmalar\u0131 konusunda da \u00f6nemli ve yararl\u0131 bir uyar\u0131 de\u011feri ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.“<\/p>\n https:\/\/kuran.diyanet.gov.tr\/tefsir\/A%27r%C3%A2f-suresi\/1134\/180-ayet-tefsiri<\/p>\n