M\u0131s\u0131r’da k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc demokrasi deneyimi, ordunun M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler iktidar\u0131n\u0131 devirmesiyle filizlenemeden darbe ald\u0131.
\nM\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler y\u00f6netiminin kendi yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakilerin taleplerini dikkate almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ayaklanan halk orduyu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve Muhammed Mursi’nin yerine, 2012’de ad\u0131 se\u00e7men pusulas\u0131nda bile ge\u00e7meyen Anayasa Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Adli Mansur getirildi.
\nM\u0131s\u0131r’daki bu de\u011fi\u015fime, bir\u00e7ok Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclke ‚darbe‘ demekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rken, en sert tepki ge\u00e7en y\u0131l M\u0131s\u0131r ziyaretinde co\u015fkuyla kar\u015f\u0131lanan Ba\u015fbakan Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan’dan geldi.
\nSiyasal \u0130slam’\u0131n bundan sonraki seyrine ili\u015fkin farkl\u0131 tahminlerin bulundu\u011fu bu d\u00f6nemde, Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n Mursi’ye destek \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi’nin ‚\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 \u0130slam‘ modeliyle, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler’in siyasi kanad\u0131 \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve Adalet Partisi’nin benzerlikleri ve farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 da yeniden tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.
\nM\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler’i yak\u0131ndan inceleyen akademisyenlerden Sosyal Antropolog Prof. Dr. Tayfun Atay’a g\u00f6re, daha radikal bir \u0130slam hareket olarak do\u011fan ve Bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 \u00e7izgi izleyen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler, 2011 devrimi sonras\u0131 izleyece\u011fi yol i\u00e7in ‚model olarak AK Parti’yi g\u00f6rd\u00fc‘.
\nAdalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi’nin k\u00f6kleri Necmettin Erbakan’\u0131n Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f hareketine dayan\u0131yor.
\nMilli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f hesapla\u015fmas\u0131
\nT\u00fcrkiye’de 1960’lar\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda \u015fekillenmeye ba\u015flayan \u0130slami temelde siyasal aray\u0131\u015f, 1980’lerden sonra g\u00fcndeme geldi.
\nAtay bu s\u00fcreci, „Milli Nizam, Milli Selamet hareketiyle kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan Necmettin Erbakan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bir alternatif olarak \u015fekillenmesi 1980 sonras\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7te, Refah Partisi’yle birlikte oldu“ s\u00f6zleriyle a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor.
\nAtay’\u0131n 1970’lerde „marjinal bir noktada“ bulundu\u011funu ifade etti\u011fi Milli Selamet, Refah Partisi’yle, laik devlet taraf\u0131ndan ‚ciddiye al\u0131nan ama kayg\u0131yla bak\u0131lan‘ bir siyasi partiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.
\nSiyasal \u0130slam a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, 20’inci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler ise „yaln\u0131zca M\u0131s\u0131r i\u00e7in de\u011fil, S\u00fcnni \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 te\u015fkil ederken“ T\u00fcrkiye’de Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi, 2000’li y\u0131llarla birlikte „Erbakan’\u0131n Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f \u00e7izgisini de a\u015fan yeni bir anlay\u0131\u015fla“ ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.
\nKimi g\u00f6zlemcilere g\u00f6re, partinin “devlet\u00e7i, Bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131“ Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f hareketinin 28 \u015eubat deneyiminden \u00f6\u011frenerek yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zele\u015ftiriyle sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm hem \u00fclke i\u00e7inde hem de uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde me\u015fruiyet kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 da \u015fekillendirdi.
\nMilli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f hesapla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra „kapitalizm“ anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 kabullenen ve d\u0131\u015f yat\u0131r\u0131mlara a\u00e7\u0131k, yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131y\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 sermayeyi te\u015fvik edici bir seyir izleyen Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi i\u00e7in Atay, \u015fu yorumu yap\u0131yor: „AK Parti, kapitalizm yanl\u0131s\u0131 hareketlili\u011fi, dinamiklili\u011fi \u00e7ok daha fazla olan bir harekettir\u2026 Bu anlamda k\u00fcresel kapitalizm i\u00e7erisinde \u0130slami co\u011frafyada M\u00fcsl\u00fcman halklar\u0131n, toplumlar\u0131n k\u00fcresel kapitalizme intibak\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f i\u015flevsel bir harekettir.“<\/p>\n
Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi’nin 2001 ekonomik krizi sonras\u0131 IMF’nin talep etti\u011fi ‚yap\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri‘ ya\u015fama ge\u00e7irmesi, NATO ve Avrupa Birli\u011fi konular\u0131nda Milli G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f lideri Erbakan’dan tamamen farkl\u0131 bir strateji izlemesi, partiyi Bat\u0131 i\u00e7in de 11 Eyl\u00fcl 2001 sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in ideal bir ortak haline getirdi.
\nM\u0131s\u0131r’daki ‚toplumsal yap\u0131 ve i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ekonomik durumun AK Parti benzeri bir \u00f6rne\u011fi M\u0131s\u0131r’da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131‘ ifade eden Atay, partinin \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 tavr\u0131n\u0131 ‚kapitalizmle‘ olan ili\u015fkisi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde anlat\u0131yor.
\n‚AKP Orta Do\u011fu’da \u00f6nc\u00fc haline geldi‘
\nHasan El Benna ile do\u011fan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler radikal ve Bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 iken Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi radikal \u0130slam’dan uzakla\u015f\u0131p yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131ma kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7an bir y\u00f6netim izledi.
\nTayfun Atay, AKP ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler fark\u0131n\u0131 bu anlay\u0131\u015ftan yola \u00e7\u0131karak \u00f6zetliyor: „AK Parti b\u00f6ylesi radikal siyasal \u0130slam’dan uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, daha \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrel temelde, toplumda dindarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha vurgulu ya\u015fanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen ama hem iktisadi olarak hem de siyasi \u00e7izgi olarak Bat\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, antikapitalist vurgulardan uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir liberal kapitalist \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r.“
\nAtay’a g\u00f6re „AK Parti’yi Orta Do\u011fu co\u011frafyas\u0131nda ‚\u00f6nc\u00fc konuma‘ getiren bu \u0130slamc\u0131l\u0131k anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131“ oldu .
\nT\u00fcrkiye’de Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi’nin, ‚kapitalizmle ivme kazanan \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 \u0130slam modeli‘, radikal k\u00f6klerine sad\u0131k kalan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler’in siyasi \u0130slam \u00e7er\u00e7evesine s\u0131\u011fmam\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.
\nDeneyim fakt\u00f6r\u00fc
\nPartinin 2002 se\u00e7imlerinden sonra kurdu\u011fu ilk kabinede D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 olan Ya\u015far Yak\u0131\u015f’a g\u00f6re, bunun nedenlerinden biri de M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler’in deneyim eksikli\u011fi.
\nYak\u0131\u015f, siyasal \u0130slam modelinin T\u00fcrkiye’de daha iyi y\u00fcr\u00fcmesinin sebebinin „T\u00fcrkiye’nin demokraside M\u0131s\u0131r’dan daha deneyimli olmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.
\nM\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler ve AK Parti’nin tamamen farkl\u0131 siyasal ge\u00e7mi\u015fleri var.Suat K\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131o\u011flu
\n„T\u00fcrkiye’de iktidara gelen AK Parti Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan, \u0130stanbul gibi bir megapol\u00fcn belediye ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f, y\u00f6netim deneyimi olan birisiydi\u2026 Partiyi olu\u015fturan \u00f6teki kadrolar da ge\u00e7mi\u015fte \u00f6nemli siyasi partilerde g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015f insanlard\u0131\u2026 Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla b\u00f6yle bir ekibin uygulayaca\u011f\u0131 bir politika ile hen\u00fcz deneyimi olmayan bir ekibin y\u00fcr\u00fctece\u011fi politikalar aras\u0131nda farklar olmas\u0131 do\u011fald\u0131r.“
\nAdalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi’nin kurulu\u015f a\u015famas\u0131nda da \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015f olan, eski milletvekili Suat K\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131o\u011flu ise, Adalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler aras\u0131nda bir benzerlik ve paralellik kurulmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde.
\n„Tamamen farkl\u0131 siyasal ge\u00e7mi\u015f var. M\u0131s\u0131r diktat\u00f6rl\u00fckten yeni \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, ilk se\u00e7imi yapm\u0131\u015f. T\u00fcrkiye 1950’lerden bu yana demokratik gelenek olu\u015fturmu\u015f. Bu paralellik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum.“
\n\u00c7o\u011funluk\u00e7uluk mu, \u00e7o\u011fulculuk mu?
\nAdalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi ile M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler’le ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalarda son d\u00f6nemde s\u0131k\u00e7a dile getirilen savlardan biri de, her iki partinin se\u00e7menin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n deste\u011fini ald\u0131klar\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da ‚y\u00f6netme yetkilerinin sorgulanamayaca\u011f\u0131‘ y\u00f6n\u00fcnde.
\nBu da kimilerine g\u00f6re kendi y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 uygulayabilecekleri anlam\u0131na gelirken, kimine de g\u00f6re de di\u011fer yar\u0131n\u0131n frenini dikkate almas\u0131 gereklili\u011fini hat\u0131rlat\u0131yor.
\nBu tart\u0131\u015fma da, siyasal \u0130slam’\u0131n „\u00e7o\u011funluk\u00e7u mu yoksa \u00e7o\u011fulcu mu“ oldu\u011fu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 do\u011furdu.
\nEski AKP milletvekili Suat K\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131o\u011flu da, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusun \u00e7o\u011funlukta oldu\u011fu \u00fclkelerde bu tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n daha \u00e7ok dile getirilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde.
\n„Bir demokrasinin yaln\u0131zca se\u00e7im kazanmaktan ibaret olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alg\u0131lanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemli“ tespitinde bulunan K\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131o\u011flu \u015fu yorumu yap\u0131yor:
\n„Siyasal \u0130slam gelene\u011finden gelen hareketlerin \u00e7o\u011fulculuk boyutunu daha iyi anlamas\u0131nda ve \u00e7o\u011fulculu\u011fun bir demokrasinin olmazsa olmaz\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve bu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc de peki\u015ftiren bir boyutu oldu\u011funun daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6neme girece\u011fimizi umuyorum.“
\nGezi Park\u0131 eylemleri ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 halk ayaklanmalar\u0131ndaki ortak s\u00f6ylem „di\u011fer yar\u0131n\u0131n sesinin, \u015fik\u00e2yetlerinin duyulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131“ y\u00f6n\u00fcndeydi.<\/p>\n
Prof. Atay, halk\u0131n memnuniyetsizli\u011fi nedeniyle askeri vesayete teslim edilen M\u0131s\u0131r’la, vesayetten y\u0131llar \u00f6nce teslim al\u0131nan T\u00fcrkiye aras\u0131ndaki bu benzerli\u011fe dikkat \u00e7ekiyor:
\n„Ak Parti ile birlikte 2007 Nisan’\u0131ndan (TSK’nin cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imi s\u00fcrecinde siyasete m\u00fcdahalesi) sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan art\u0131k tamamen arkas\u0131 kesilmi\u015f olan \u00f6n\u00fc kapanm\u0131\u015f askeri vesayet rejiminin yerine kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan demokrasi deneyiminin ne yaz\u0131k ki AK Parti taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7o\u011fulcu ve kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 bir kulvarda i\u015fletilmek yerine \u00e7o\u011funluk\u00e7u bir kulvarda i\u015fletildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz \u2026 \u00c7o\u011funlu\u011fun istediklerini yapmak sizi demokrat, rejiminizi de demokrasi yapmaz.“
\nGezi Park\u0131 eylemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl, „Demokrasi sadece sand\u0131k de\u011fildir“ diyerek Ba\u015fbakan Erdo\u011fan’\u0131n sert ifadelerini yumu\u015fatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
\nEski D\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Yak\u0131\u015f, \u00c7ankaya K\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc’ne ge\u00e7meden \u00f6nce AKP’nin ikinci adam\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Abdullah G\u00fcl’\u00fcn bu mesaj\u0131n\u0131n, „\u00e7o\u011funluk\u00e7uluk“ tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na bak\u0131\u015f\u0131 yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiriyor.
\nAdalet ve Kalk\u0131nma Partisi iktidar\u0131n\u0131n ‚hayat tarzlar\u0131na m\u00fcdahale‘ ve ‚bask\u0131c\u0131‘ olarak nitelendirilen politikalar\u0131 „T\u00fcrkiye’nin \u0130slamla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131“ endi\u015felerine neden olmu\u015ftu. Fakat, Ya\u015far Yak\u0131\u015f, bu endi\u015felerin „ger\u00e7eklikten \u00e7ok, yanl\u0131\u015f bir alg\u0131y\u0131 yans\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131“ g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde.
\nSiyasal \u0130slam’\u0131n bundan sonra alaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fekil, ya\u015fayaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm veya M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015flerin faaliyetlerine yine „yeralt\u0131nda m\u0131 devam edip etmeyece\u011fi“ bilinmiyor. Ancak askeri darbe M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131 sadece demokrasiden de\u011fil T\u00fcrkiye’den de uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
>>> Devam edecek\u2026 <<<<\/p>\n
*<\/p>\n
Evet…
\nAynen \u00f6yle!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
M\u0131s\u0131r’da k\u0131sa \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc demokrasi deneyimi, ordunun M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler iktidar\u0131n\u0131 devirmesiyle filizlenemeden darbe ald\u0131. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015fler y\u00f6netiminin kendi yanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakilerin taleplerini dikkate almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ayaklanan halk orduyu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve Muhammed Mursi’nin yerine, 2012’de ad\u0131 se\u00e7men pusulas\u0131nda bile ge\u00e7meyen Anayasa Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Adli Mansur getirildi. M\u0131s\u0131r’daki bu de\u011fi\u015fime, bir\u00e7ok Bat\u0131l\u0131 \u00fclke ‚darbe‘ demekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131rken, en sert tepki … <\/p>\n