Nas\u0131l mecbur edeceksin milleti O kanal\u0131 kullanmaya?
\n\u00d6yle ya\u2026
\nUluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar var\u2026
\nS\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131na nas\u0131l benzetme yapars\u0131n cahil k\u00f6pek?
\nVar m\u0131yd\u0131 orada kanalda, do\u011fal bir yer?
\nVar m\u0131yd\u0131 s\u00f6yle ulan hayvan?<\/p>\n
S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 (Arap\u00e7a: \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u200e, trl: Qan\u0101 el-Suways). Akdeniz i K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz’e ba\u011flayan ve M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 idaresinde oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde a\u00e7\u0131lan kanal.
\nAkadeniz’i K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz’e ba\u011flama d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ilk \u00c7a\u011fda Firavunlar d\u00f6nemine kadar gitmektedir. Firavun 2. Ramses zaman\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131lan kanal sonradan kumla doldu ve kullan\u0131lamaz hale geldi. Firavunlar d\u00f6neminde a\u00e7\u0131lan kanal\u0131n ana g\u00fczegah\u0131 Romal\u0131lar ve \u0130slam hakimiyeti d\u00f6neminde de \u00e7e\u015fitli tarihlerde tamir ettirilerek kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Halife \u00d6mer’in emriyle M\u0131s\u0131r valisi Amr bin \u00c2s kanal\u0131 tamir ettirdi ve bu kanal 8. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar kullan\u0131ld\u0131.[1]
\n16. Y\u00fczy\u0131lda Portekizliler Hint Okyanusuna ge\u00e7erek Baharat yolunu kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131p Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fudaki topraklar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu tehlike kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Sarazam Sokullu Mehmet Pa\u015fa ve kaptan\u0131 derya K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 Ali Pa\u015fa Akdeniz’i k\u0131z\u0131ldenize ba\u011flayacak bir kanal a\u00e7ma konusunda giri\u015fimde bulundular.[2] fakat bu giri\u015fimler \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerden dolay\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015famad\u0131.
\nNapolyon M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131 i\u015fgal ettikten sonra burada bir kanal a\u00e7t\u0131rmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc. Fakat kendisine g\u00f6rev verilen Frans\u0131z M\u00fchendis Le Pere hatal\u0131 bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yaparak K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz’in Akadeniz’den 10 metre daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Bu sebeple Napolyon fikrinden vazge\u00e7ti.[3]
\nS\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131na Osmanl\u0131 Devletinin M\u0131s\u0131r Valisi Said Pa\u015fa zaman\u0131nda bir Frans\u0131z \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fland\u0131. Kanal M\u0131s\u0131r valisi \u0130smail Pa\u015fa zaman\u0131nda 1869 y\u0131l\u0131nda tamamland\u0131. S\u00fcve\u015f Kanal\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 olan \u0130ngiltere 1882’de M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131 i\u015fgal ederek kanal\u0131n kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irdi.[4] Osmanl\u0131 Devleti 1. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131n\u0131 geri alabilmek amac\u0131yla 1. ve 2. kanal harekatlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenledi. Fakat bu harekatlar ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7land\u0131.[5]
\nSina Yar\u0131madas\u0131’n\u0131n bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan kanal 193,3 kilometre uzunlu\u011funda ve en dar yerinde 313 metre geni\u015fli\u011findedir. Kanal, Afrika \u00e7evresinde dola\u015fmaya gerek kalmadan Asya ile Avrupa aras\u0131nda deniz ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli su yollar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r. Eski gemiciler ticarette \u00e7ok uzun yol ve mesafe kat ettikleri i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle bir kanal yapma gereksinimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nD\u00fcnyada kapaklar\u0131 olmayan en uzun kanald\u0131r. Di\u011fer kanallarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kaza oran\u0131 hemen hemen s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r. Gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131labilir.
\nG\u00fcney Avrupa \u00fclkeleri ile Basra K\u00f6rfezi \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131ndaki deniz ticaretinin canlanmas\u0131, S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131’n\u0131n d\u00fcnya ticaretindeki \u00f6neminin artmas\u0131na olanak sa\u011flayacak bir durumdur. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nas\u0131l mecbur edeceksin milleti O kanal\u0131 kullanmaya? \u00d6yle ya\u2026 Uluslararas\u0131 anla\u015fmalar var\u2026 S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131na nas\u0131l benzetme yapars\u0131n cahil k\u00f6pek? Var m\u0131yd\u0131 orada kanalda, do\u011fal bir yer? Var m\u0131yd\u0131 s\u00f6yle ulan hayvan? S\u00fcvey\u015f Kanal\u0131 (Arap\u00e7a: \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u200e, trl: Qan\u0101 el-Suways). Akdeniz i K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz’e ba\u011flayan ve M\u0131s\u0131r’\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 idaresinde oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde a\u00e7\u0131lan kanal. Akadeniz’i K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz’e ba\u011flama d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi … <\/p>\n