{"id":23767,"date":"2019-06-07T11:07:21","date_gmt":"2019-06-07T11:07:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/?p=23767"},"modified":"2019-06-07T11:07:21","modified_gmt":"2019-06-07T11:07:21","slug":"okumanizi-oeneririm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/?p=23767","title":{"rendered":"Okuman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130ktisat, ak\u0131l ve ahlak<\/strong>
\n6 Haziran 2019 <\/p>\n

Evrenin ne zaman olu\u015ftu\u011fu sorunu, fizik olmaktan \u00e7ok felsefi bir meseledir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc c\u00fcmledeki \u201cevren\u201d, \u201czaman\u201d ve \u201colu\u015fma\u201d gibi kelimelerin, hi\u00e7birinin benim gibi s\u0131radan bir insan\u0131n kavrayabilece\u011fi netlikte bir tan\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. Yine de s\u00f6ze bir yerden ba\u015flamak gerekti\u011fi i\u00e7in, bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n yalanc\u0131s\u0131 olarak yerk\u00fcremizin bundan 4.54 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00e7ok s\u0131cak bir gaz bulutu olarak \u201cd\u00fcnyaya geldi\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6ylemek istiyorum. Bu 4.54 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcnden emin de\u011filim. Ama o zamanlar, bug\u00fcn anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z manada bir canl\u0131n\u0131n var olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fczde y\u00fcz eminim. \u00c7ok a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ki; canl\u0131lar, kendilerinden \u00f6nce var olan cans\u0131z maddelerden in\u015fa edilmi\u015ftir.
\nA\u015fk, nefret, k\u0131skanma, \u00fcz\u00fclme veya sevinme gibi ruhsal duygular\u0131 olan canl\u0131lar, ilk canl\u0131lardan \u00e7ok sonra olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Yine \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r ki; ruh denen \u015fey, ancak canl\u0131lar belli bir m\u00fckemmeliyete eri\u015fince ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ruhu olan canl\u0131lardan olu\u015fan ama onlar\u0131n toplam\u0131ndan ibaret olmayan ve ayr\u0131 bir ruhu olan \u201ctoplum\u201d denen canl\u0131 t\u00fcrleri ise \u00e7ok daha sonralar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nCANSIZLAR, CANLILARIN AKLINI BA\u015eINA GET\u0130RM\u0130\u015eT\u0130R
\nCans\u0131z \u015feylerle, onlardan kurulu canl\u0131lar\u0131n birlikte var olmas\u0131 bir \u00e7eli\u015fki yaratmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ruhu olan geli\u015fmi\u015f canl\u0131lar, ruhsuz canl\u0131lar ve cans\u0131zlar evrenindeki sebep-sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerini g\u00f6zlemleyerek, \u00fcstelik bir de zeki canl\u0131lar haline gelmi\u015ftir. Ancak ruhu olan birey ile ruhu olan \u201c\u00fcst canl\u0131\u201d toplumun birlikte ya\u015famaya mecbur olmas\u0131 yaman bir \u00e7eli\u015fki kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc her ne kadar toplumlar, bireylerden kurulu iseler de toplumlar bireylerden ibaret de\u011fildir. Bireyler \u201csonlu \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc\u201d yani f\u00e2nidir. Toplum ise bireye nazaran \u201csonsuz\u201d \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc yani bakidir. \u00d6m\u00fcr s\u00fcrelerinin farkl\u0131 olu\u015fu, \u201cbirey\u2013toplum\u201d \u00e7eli\u015fkisi yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Birey, kendi s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 \u00f6mr\u00fc i\u00e7inde, hayattan azami tatmini alacak \u015fekilde davranmaya programlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani f\u0131traten bencildir. Toplum ise bireyden di\u011ferk\u00e2m olmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Di\u011ferk\u00e2ml\u0131k son tahlilde bireyin kendisi i\u00e7in de iyidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc herkes, \u201cdi\u011fer\u201ddir. Dinler, bu \u00e7eli\u015fkiyi ortadan kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bireye kendisinin de \u201csonsuz \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yler, yani ahirete inanmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. B\u00f6ylece ontolojik (yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015ftan gelen) \u201cbirey-toplum\u201d menfaat \u00e7eli\u015fkisinin ortadan kalkmas\u0131n\u0131 bekler. Bu, ahlak i\u00e7indir.
\nAHLAK VE \u0130KT\u0130SAT
\n\u0130ktisat, bir toplumsal (sosyal) bilimdir. B\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in de \u00f6ncelikle bir ahlak bilimidir. \u201cAhlak, toplum taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve bireyin hareket alan\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlayan yasaklar manzumesidir. Amac\u0131, bireyin k\u0131sa vadeli ki\u015fisel \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n\u0131 kollarken, uzun vadeli toplum \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131na halel getirmesini \u00f6nlemektir. \u0130ktisatta \u201ck\u0131sa vade-uzun vade tercihleri\u201d, \u201cb\u00fct\u00e7e dengesi\u201d, \u201cd\u0131\u015f \u00f6demeler dengesi\u201d, \u201cfaiz ve kur\u201d gibi makro veya \u201cihale yasas\u0131\u201d, \u201cyap-i\u015flet-devret\u201d, \u201cvergi aff\u0131\u201d, \u201cimar veya vergi bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d, \u201cservet\/stok aff\u0131\u201d gibi d\u00fczenleme tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, asl\u0131nda ahlaki tart\u0131\u015fmalard\u0131r. \u0130ktisat biliminin kurucusu Adam Smith’in (1723-1790) ahlak profes\u00f6r\u00fc olmas\u0131 da tesad\u00fcf de\u011fildir.
\nSon s\u00f6z: Ahlak, don pa\u00e7as\u0131 ile u\u00e7kuru aras\u0131na s\u0131\u011fmaz.
\nT\u00fcm okurlar\u0131m\u0131n \u015feker bayram\u0131n\u0131 kutlar\u0131m.<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.sozcu.com.tr\/2019\/yazarlar\/ege-cansen\/iktisat-akil-ve-ahlak-5054150\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130ktisat, ak\u0131l ve ahlak 6 Haziran 2019 Evrenin ne zaman olu\u015ftu\u011fu sorunu, fizik olmaktan \u00e7ok felsefi bir meseledir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc c\u00fcmledeki \u201cevren\u201d, \u201czaman\u201d ve \u201colu\u015fma\u201d gibi kelimelerin, hi\u00e7birinin benim gibi s\u0131radan bir insan\u0131n kavrayabilece\u011fi netlikte bir tan\u0131m\u0131 yoktur. Yine de s\u00f6ze bir yerden ba\u015flamak gerekti\u011fi i\u00e7in, bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n yalanc\u0131s\u0131 olarak yerk\u00fcremizin bundan 4.54 milyar y\u0131l \u00f6nce … <\/p>\n

\u201eOkuman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm\u201c<\/span> weiterlesen<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23767"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=23767"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23767\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23768,"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23767\/revisions\/23768"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=23767"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=23767"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wordpress.gurbuz.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=23767"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}